The reasons for loss of appetite in seniors can be medical conditions, medications, dental issues, and aging itself. Things that can help with regaining an appetite are adjusting meal size, timing, and food choices, making mealtimes more enjoyable and social, checking for medical, dental, and medication issues, and supporting with routine, activity, and encouragement.
According to a study by Malone et al., 64.6% of people who described themselves as a "foodie" were older than 35, so if you're a senior in Loveland, CO, there's a good chance that you're a foodie too.
Normally, you have a great time choosing and eating your food. But recently, you've lost your appetite, and it's making you sad about mealtimes.
What are the reasons for loss of appetite in seniors, and what can you do to regain it?
Loss of appetite in seniors is actually very common, and there are numerous possible causes.
The first is medical conditions, such as:
Another major cause is medications, as many can affect your taste and smell, or cause nausea and dry mouth. And dental issues, difficulty swallowing, or poorly fitting dentures can make eating uncomfortable and unpleasant.
Aging itself can change how your body senses hunger and fullness. Plus, your metabolism slows down.
Emotional changes in aging can be a factor, too. For example, loneliness, grief, anxiety, or stress can reduce interest in food.
Often, appetite loss is caused by a combination of physical, emotional, and medication-related factors, rather than just one issue.
Appetite loss in elderly people isn't pleasant, especially since they have specific nutritional needs to stay healthy and strong. So here are a few healthy aging strategies to help you regain your appetite.
When you lose your appetite, changing how and when you eat can make a big difference for senior nutrition support.
For example, you might normally eat three large meals per day. So instead, you can try five to six smaller meals or snacks spread throughout the day. Smaller portions can feel less overwhelming, meaning that they're often easier to finish.
Also, focus on nutrient-dense foods that provide more calories and protein in fewer bites. Examples include:
Your environment can play a big role in whether you feel motivated to eat. The following can reduce your appetite further:
Whenever possible, you should eat with family members or caregivers. Or take advantage of dining in assisted living. Whatever you choose, social interaction can increase interest in food.
You can also have familiar favorite dishes to spark interest in eating.
Appetite loss can be caused or worsened by underlying health issues. These things can make eating uncomfortable or painful:
Medications can also cause nausea, reduce hunger, or affect the taste of food.
Seeing your doctor and/or pharmacist to get your health and medications checked can be a good idea. If there are root causes, once you address them, your appetite is likely to come back.
Daily habits can help you maintain a healthy appetite, so establish regular meal and snack times. This can help your body develop a routine and recognize hunger cues.
It's also important that others don't pressure or force you to eat. They should give you gentle encouragement and celebrate small successes instead. This can help you create a positive mindset, which can then lead to gradual improvements in your eating habits.
If you have a lack of appetite, the best place to start is with your primary care physician or geriatric doctor. They can:
If necessary, they can refer you to a specialist. For example, a referral to a gastroenterologist may be needed if there are stomach, bowel, or swallowing problems. Or a endrocrinologist may help if they suspect you have hormone or thyroid issues.
Otherwise, a referral to a dietician can help, as they can create a meal plan that meets nutritional needs, despite a reduced appetite.
Doctors usually start with a full medical history and physical exam. Then, they'll order tests based on symptoms. For instance, they may order blood work to check for:
They may also order urine tests to help detect infection or dehydration.
If your doctor suspects that you have digestive problems, then they'll use imaging tests such as:
You should worry about appetite loss if it lasts more than a week or two. You should definitely be concerned if it's accompanied by:
Other warning signs are if you're:
Even short-term poor nutrition can quickly lead to muscle loss, falls, and slower recovery from illness, so it's best to address appetite changes early.
There are several reasons for loss of appetite in seniors, and often, it's not just one factor. Instead, it's physical, emotional, and medication-related, so it's important to explore all these possibilities.
Once you find out what's troubling you, you can find the proper solutions. And as a result, it'll be much easier to get your appetite and love of food back!
At Stoneridge at Centerra, we have an outdoor courtyard with fireplaces, barbecue, and more to support healthy and fun outdoor living. If you want to schedule a tour of a senior living community in Loveland, CO, contact us now.